The very first step in starting a weight loss program is to recognize that obesity is unhealthy and that losing weight is necessary for the quality and life expectancy of our pet. Just like in humans, excess weight can lead to several health problems and even decrease the longevity of our pets.

The goal of any weight loss is to reduce the amount of calories ingested, that is, to eat less food and increase caloric expenditure by increasing exercise. Before starting a weight loss program with your pet, a visit to the veterinarian would be advisable to ensure that there is no underlying medical reason for the obesity and that he is able to follow a safe diet. He will eat balanced meals with all the necessary nutrients and fewer calories than a complete ration.

There are two approaches to weight loss:

• High-fiber, low-calorie diet: It will provide fewer calories per bite. The animal will therefore not have any restriction in quantity and will not beg for more food.
• Metabolism boosting food that burns calories faster. Please consult your veterinarian for this specific diet. The diet food on your store shelves is designed to maintain weight or prevent obesity and is not recommended in a weight loss program.

Once your pet has been examined and weighed, the veterinarian will be able to determine how many pounds he or she will need to lose in a set period of time. Ideally, your pet should follow a weight loss program designed by the veterinarian.

Feeding your pet
Feeding your pet three to four times a day in small portions will burn more calories than two large portions a day. You should feed your pet the required daily ration, but divide it into three or four rations.

Also, keep your pet away from the kitchen when you are preparing meals or eating to avoid begging and being tempted to give him small treats, unnecessary calories that could be avoided. This habit is one of the causes of weight loss failure. All treats including cookies and table scraps should be banned during a weight loss program.

Exercise
Your pet's weight loss program should include at least two daily 15- to 20-minute walks for dogs and 5 to 15 minutes of play for cats.

Remember to weigh your pet regularly at the same time and note its progress.

Revaluation
At the end of your pet's weight loss program, a reassessment will need to be done to change the diet to a weight maintenance diet to prevent your pet from continuing to lose weight.

Here are the most common health problems related to obesity in cats and dogs:

In the dog
At the cat's

1. Diseases of the renal system and bladder;
2. Chronic kidney disease;
3. Diabetes mellitus;
4. Asthma;
5. Liver diseases;
6. Osteoarthritis (joint problem);
7. Hypertension;
8. Heart failure;
9. Gallbladder problems;
10. Osteoarthritis of the spine.